Table 3 Framing case studies using the PRODUCES method

Problem

Older adults are too sedentary and spend long periods sitting

Accidental falls causes individual suffering and substantial costs to society

Adolescent girls have low levels of physical activity. Many interventions fail to induce an effect on girls’ physical activity level, often because this target group is difficult to reach and less likely to engage in interventions

Objective

To design an intervention that will help older adults break up long sitting periods

To design a mobile application that will enable seniors to create and adhere to an individually tailored strength and balance exercise programme

To design an intervention to promote physical activity

Design

PAAR

PAAR

PAR

(end-) Users

Community-dwelling older adults over 65 years of age

Community-dwelling older adults over 70 years of age

10th grade lower educated adolescent girls

Co-creators

University researchers and community-dwelling older adults

University researchers and community-dwelling older adults

University researchers and lower educated adolescent girls

Evaluation

Process evaluation

Process and effect evaluation

Process and effect evaluation

Scalability

Generalisable model

Generalisable model

Distributed model