Table 1 Top three non-pharmacological interventions identified for each non-motor symptom in the first and second round surveys
Non-motor symptom | Interventions (1st round survey) | Panel discussion (consensus following discussion of efficacy, acceptability and need) | Interventions (2nd round survey) |
|---|---|---|---|
Stress and anxiety | 1. Cognitive behavioural therapy (talking therapy that can help you manage your problems by changing the way you think and behave) 2. Stress management (techniques aimed at controlling a person’s levels of stress) 3. Mindfulness | 1. Acceptance and commitment therapy (acceptance and committing to valued actions) 2. Mindfulness 3. Cognitive behavioural therapy (talking therapy that can help you manage your problems by changing the way you think and behave) | 1. Physical activity (personalised physical activity) 2. Cognitive behavioural therapy (talking therapy that can help you manage your problems by changing the way you think and behave) 3. Mindfulness |
Dementia | 1. Cognitive skills training (compensatory cognitive skills from neurorehabilitation) 2. Caregiver support (teaching caregivers skills to identify problems and support people with Parkinson’s) 3. Lifestyle management strategies | 1. Screening programme to detect /monitor cognitive changes. 2. Cognitive skills training (compensatory cognitive skills from neurorehabilitation) 3. Caregiver support (teaching caregivers skills to identify problems and support people with Parkinson’s) | 1. Lifestyle management strategies 2. Caregiver support (teaching caregivers skills to identify problems and support people with Parkinson’s) 3. Cognitive skills training (compensatory cognitive skills from neurorehabilitation) |
Mild thinking and memory problems | 1. Cognitive skills training (compensatory cognitive skills from neurorehabilitation) 2. Stress management (techniques aimed at controlling a person’s levels of stress) 3. Physical activity (personalised physical activity treatment) | 1. Screening programme to detect /monitor cognitive changes. 2. Cognitive skills training (compensatory cognitive skills from neurorehabilitation) Caregiver support (teaching caregivers skills to identify problems and support people with Parkinson’s) | 1. Physical activity (personalised physical activity treatment) 2. Cognitive skills training (compensatory cognitive skills from neurorehabilitation) 3. Stress management (techniques aimed at controlling a person’s levels of stress) |
Quality of sleep | 1. Sleep hygiene 2. Physical activity (personalised physical activity treatment) 3. Mindfulness | 1. Sleep hygiene 2. Technology Enabled care (to monitor sleep, but also falls and nocturia at night) | 1. Sleep hygiene 2. Physical activity (personalized physical activity treatment) 3. Mindfulness |
Urinary problems | 1. Self-management for urinary problems (fluid management, caffeine and alcohol management, bladder retraining) 2. Lifestyle management strategies 3. Technology Enabled care | 1. Self-management for urinary problems (fluid management, caffeine and alcohol management, bladder retraining) | 1. Self-management for urinary problems (fluid management, caffeine and alcohol management, bladder retraining) 2. Lifestyle management strategies 3. Technology Enabled care |