Table 4 Kolb's experiential learning theory and UDL principles strategies for nursing preceptorship programme

Concrete experience

The learner is provided with an opportunity to gain new learning experiences, i.e., online learning resources, role-play simulations and VR simulation

Multiple means of engagement

Identify clear learning objectives. Provide learners with multiple opportunities to achieve the programme's learning outcomes, e.g., RLOs (Articulate), Reflective exercises, Role-Play Simulations, Virtual Reality Storytelling, and debriefing sessions. Provide learner choice

Reflective observation

The learner is provided with an opportunity to reflect through written reflective exercises, self-reported questionnaires, and during simulation debriefing sessions

Multiple means of representation

Use multiple media including audio, visual and text e.g. short video demonstrations. Ensure learners have access to digital documents, e.g., transcript of all RLOs and videos that the learners can edit (colour, font size). Furthermore, all videos have closed captions

Abstract conceptualisation

The learner is provided with an opportunity to learn from the experiences offered in the programme

Multiple Means of Action & Expression

Facilitate active learning. Encourage learner metacognition. Learners can work at their own pace and demonstrate their knowledge in various ways, i.e., in group discussions and role-play simulations

Active experimentation

The learner is provided with an opportunity to plan and try out what they have learned during the half-day simulation training and future preceptorship practice