Table 1 Descriptions of the three research projects that used telepresence robots as a tool

Happy2Eat

This Participatory Action Research (PAR) project explores practical strategies to improve the dining experience of LTC residents with dementia. As data was generated through conversations with residents, families, staff, and leaders, the telepresence robots were used to visit the site and have in situ discussions with LTC residents

Overcoming Loneliness

This project focused on learning more about residents’ experiences of loneliness in LTC homes as impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic and developing strategies to overcome challenges. Data was collected through one-on-one interviews with residents using telepresence robots for private conversations in their rooms

WhatMatters

WhatMatters is a digital care plan mobile app developed in collaboration with the stakeholders in co-design workshops. The telepresence robots were used in the workshops virtually as part of the design process