Table 3 Project products co-developed with patient partners, categorized by Carman’s continuum of engagement *

Partnership and shared leadership: product was initiated by patient partners and researchers using shared power in decision-making; patient partners substantively contributed to developing the product, completed in-depth review(s), and recommended changes to ensure patient-centeredness

Toolkit for Managing Persistent Pain

People with persistent pain

60-page toolkit with information about persistent pain, self-management strategies, treatment options, and navigating the health care system. Also includes stories, journal prompts, trackers, and checklists. Available in three versions: public, KPWA-specific, and Spanish. Accessed electronically 811 times as of November 2023

Six-part discussion guide about bias, stigma, and racism in pain care

Primary care teams

Intended to support clinic teams in taking action to reduce bias, stigma, and racism in care for patients with persistent pain. Includes six modules of content that can be covered in 15–20 min at a huddle or clinic staff meeting

Empathic Pain Conversations training scenario

Health care teams

Part of a two-part, two-hour training about empathic communication strategies for caring for patients with persistent pain. The scenario describes an example situation from the perspectives of a patient and a health care provider and offers recommendations from patient partners

Involvement: product was initiated by researchers; patient partners completed in-depth review(s) and recommended changes to ensure patient-centeredness

Patient education handouts [4]

People with persistent pain

Four handouts with information and resources. Topics include understanding long-term pain, complementary treatments for long-term pain, using opioid medicine for long-term pain, and educational videos for patients with long-term pain. Available in Chinese, English, Khmer, Korean, Russian, Spanish, and Vietnamese Accessed electronically 1,865 times as of November 2023

Scripts for health care providers to help them talk with patients about sensitive topics [3]

Primary care providers

Comprehensive, patient-centered scripts to help health care providers talk to patients about their chronic opioid therapy plan, tapering opioids, and naloxone. Provides strategies for communication using the Ask-Offer-Ask approach

Posters about the patient partners’ work for dissemination at academic conferences [2]

Health care researchers

Posters about this project were accepted and presented at the 2022 Health Care Systems Research Network conference and 2023 AcademyHealth conference

Consultation: product was initiated by a person or team outside of the group; patient partners completed one-time review and offered feedback

Journey map of persistent pain management in primary care at KPWA

Our team of researchers and patient partners

Synthesis of themes from interviews with people receiving pain management support at KPWA. Used to ground the team in the patient experience early in the project and identify opportunities for intervention

Pain skills class marketing flyer

People with persistent pain

Recruitment flyer for a four-session virtual class led by a social worker to equip patients with self-management skills for persistent pain

Care management for chronic pain program recruitment flyer

People with persistent pain

Recruitment flyer for a program that connects people who take daily opioid medicines for pain with a social worker and pharmacist who provide resources, support, and assistance with managing pain medicines

Care management for chronic pain program script

Primary care providers

Script that primary care providers can use to tell patients about a program that connects people who take daily opioid medicines for pain with a social worker and pharmacist who provide resources and support, and assistance with managing pain medicines